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What Is a Statement of Response in a Constitutional Reference?

The pleading a respondent or intervener files in a section 18 or 19 matter, in Form 4A, within 14 days of being served or of getting leave to intervene. It says whether the party supports or opposes the application, and states the interpretation or answer it contends for in short numbered paragraphs. In a section 18(1) application it first addresses standing and, once standing is declared, pleads to the application within a further 14 days. It may not be more than one A4 page longer than the application, and the Registrar will refuse a longer one.

The Supreme Court practice series, no. 153 · Constitutional references and enforcement · 4 min read

Constitutional references used to proceed to hearing with no written statement of the opposing positions beyond the reference itself. Order 4 Division 10, added to the 2012 Rules, requires every respondent and intervener to put its case on paper first, briefly.

The rule

Supreme Court Rules 2012, Order 4 Rule 25

A party, whether original or by grant of leave to intervene, shall within 14 days of the date of service of the originating proceedings or grant of leave to intervene, file an appearance in the proceedings and file and serve a Statement of Response in Form 4A signed by the respondent parties or their lawyers stating: (a) in the case of an intervener, the date on which leave to intervene was given; (b) in the case of an application under section 18(1), whether the respondent supports or opposes the standing of the applicant; (c) in the case of a reference under section 18(2) or section 19, the interpretation or answer for which the respondent contends; (d) in the case of a section 18(1) application, within 14 days after notice that the Court has declared standing, plead to the application and state succinctly the case for the intervener; (e) the Statement of Response shall not exceed by more than one A4 page the length of the application, and the Registrar shall not accept longer statements for filing.

Supreme Court Rules 2012

Order 4 Rule 26

Within 7 days of service on an applicant of a Statement in Response the applicant may file a reply.

Form 4A

The form is short by design. Under the heading of the application or reference, it is entitled “Statement of Response by (name of party)” and reads: “In relation to the question put to the Court by the applicant/referrer this respondent: 1. Supports/opposes the application; 2. This respondent states, in support of the case that: (set out the argument in short numbered paragraphs).” It is dated and signed by the respondent or its lawyer. Form 1 notes that “a respondent or intervener may file a Statement of Response”, and Rule 25 makes it mandatory. The form is on the Supreme Court Forms page.

What goes in it

Contents of a statement of response by type of proceeding
ProceedingStatement of response must stateWhen
Section 18(1) application (Form 1)Whether the applicant’s standing is supported or opposed, and why14 days from service
Section 18(1) application, after standing declaredThe respondent’s answer to the interpretation sought, in short numbered paragraphs14 days from notice of the declaration
Section 18(2) reference (Form 2)The interpretation or answer the respondent contends for on each question14 days from service
Section 19 special reference (Form 3)The answer contended for on each question, and any objection that the question is trivial, hypothetical or not properly referred14 days from service
Intervener in any of the aboveThe date of leave to intervene, then as above14 days from leave

The length cap

One A4 page more than the application

Rule 25(e) is a hard limit enforced at the counter. A Form 1 application that runs to three pages permits a response of four. The cap forces the response to state positions, not argue them; the argument comes later in the written submissions under Order 11 Rule 12 and the extract of argument under Rule 18. A party that wants to raise a distinct point, such as that the question is hypothetical under Rule 18 of Order 4, states it in a numbered paragraph and develops it in submissions.

Why it matters

The statement of response fixes the issues. A reference asks the Court a question; the responses tell the Court and the other parties what answers are contended for, so that the directions hearing can identify the legal issues under Order 13 Rule 8(d)(iii) and allocate hearing time. A party that files no response has entered no appearance and has no address for service, and the Court may proceed without it. A party that files a response contending for one answer and argues another at the hearing invites the objection that the other side had no notice. The reply under Rule 26 lets the applicant or referrer narrow the dispute further.

Interveners

An intervener is a person who was not named in the application but has been granted leave under Order 4 Rules 21 to 23 because it has an interest. The statement of response is the intervener’s first and defining document: it states the date of leave and the position taken. The Principal Legal Adviser, on whom every application and reference must be served under Rule 13, ordinarily files a response as of right as a party. See intervening in a constitutional reference and applying under section 18(1).

The appearance

Rule 25 pairs the statement of response with an appearance, in Form 16, carrying the Form 17 address for service. Documents in the reference are then served at that address under Order 11 Rule 7. See the notice of appearance.

Sources

Check the section yourself

Before relying on anything here, read the current text of the Supreme Court Rules 2012 and check for later amendments. If a decision matters to you, get advice — start with the Office of the Public Solicitor, or find a firm in the law firms directory.

Disclaimer: This article provides general information about Papua New Guinea law and does not constitute legal advice. Laws may change, and their application depends on individual circumstances. You should obtain professional legal advice for your specific situation. Read the full disclaimer.